D) pancreas, Depression is associated with low levels of which neurotransmitter? D) It is the region of the cerebral cortex that is the site of the highest intellectual functions, such as thinking and problem solving. You compare three different types of music with each other. A) most forgetting occurs long after we originally learned something She compares the similarity of IQ scores of identical twins to the similarity of IQ scores of fraternal twins. \end{array} Before leaving the lecture halls, the participants fill out a mood survey. D) There is no way to know how he would answer, The endocrine glands produce chemicals called A) Substitution of function Deferred revenue will be recognized as revenue equally over the next two fiscal years. Each person in the sample is shown a typical cigarette advertisement and is asked to estimate the age of the model in the ad. C) synapses In this scenario, which ethical guideline of psychological research has been violated by the correctional officer? A=425731612, B=[100010001]B=\left[\begin{array}{lll}1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1\end{array}\right] A) sample Ian is a(n) ________ in Dr. Matteo's experiment. You can control demand characteristics by taking a few precautions in your research design and materials. D) the jury is still out on the findings because the research has not gone through peer review, D) the jury is still out on the findings because the research has not gone through peer review, A study reports that height is surprisingly correlated with lifetime income. The lecture you were listening to is over. 0.00 C) motivated forgetting is a good treatment for overcoming traumatic events A representative sample is more likely to reflect the general population than the small sample of Emily's friends C) classical conditioning; discovery learning Based on previous studies, you use a word completion task to infer participants moods. Wilhelm Wundt's approach to discovering the basic elements of mental processes is called 1Beginninginventory140units@$6.00=$840Jan. Webexperimental portions of the survey instrument but, having done so, they need to reason out the broader experimental design and determine the behavior that aligns with the Whats the difference between demand characteristics and social desirability bias? Abe and Carl's views reflect the _____ approach to psychology. The boiling point of a solution prepared by dissolving 71 g of Na2_22SO4_44 in 1.00 kg of water is 100.8 degree celcius. B) Terrel is experiencing acute stress Participants who play the role of a good subject try to use what theyve learned to help you with your research. Vocational education is an important way to accumulate human capital. C) the group that read the brochure A) William James & 15,000 \text { dollars }& 51,000 \text { dollars } & 44,000 \text { dollars } \\ C) drawing conclusions B) amount of time a neuron must "rest" in between firing episodes. by A) the part of the neuron that carries information away from the cell body toward other cells. Depression is associated with low levels of which neurotransmitter? B) manipulated by researchers B) Taylor is under five years old B) experimenter bias and selection bias. WebDemand characteristics are all the clues in an experiment which convey to the participant the purpose of the research. A) It processes information about body sensations. A) Throwing a temper tantrum B) 30-60 seconds They all turn him down. A) the results are clearly important and represent a major contribution to science C) polarization His view is known as. Since you dont know which participant is in which group, you treat all participants the same way because you dont have specific expectations about any of them. Using implicit measures can help reduce the impact of demand characteristics because participants arent aware of the true nature of the task. C) Wilhelm Wundt; Sigmund Freud D) oxytocin, Corticosteroids are A) anterior thyroid gland A) increase the reliability of a study Group A received progressive relaxation training prior to test taking, while Group B received no training. Explain. Behavior is ______; mental processes are _______. & 8,000 \text { dollars } & 8,000 \text { dollars } & 4,000 \text { dollars } \\ Instead, they asked for a friend to sit By them during the shocks. D) stable, negative charge of an inactive neuron. A) somatic D) chunking/rehearsal, Malcom has an IQ of 140. Liam, a psychology teacher, designs a questionnaire to determine the most preferred social media among students in his classroom. C) is always followed by something unpleasant. A ________ is an in-depth look at a single individual. B) primary B) Neurogenesis B) predicting \text{Jan. 10}&\text{Sales\hspace{65pt}}&&&&\text{80 units @ \$15}\\ \text { c. } & 0 & 11,333 & 5,667 \\ A) measured by researchers. B) action potential Frequently asked questions about demand characteristics, The participant tries to be helpful and confirm the researchers, The participant tries to act in ways that refute the researchers hypothesisalso called the screw you effect, The participant tries to produce the most, The participant tries the act the way they would if they didnt know the researchers hypothesis, Title of the study on recruitment materials, Researchers interactions with the participant (e.g., a smile or a frown after a response), Study procedure (e.g., the order of tasks), Study setting (e.g., laboratory environment), Tools and instruments (e.g., video cameras, skin conductance measures). D) parasympathetic, The brain and spinal cord make up the Demand Characteristics | Definition, Examples, & Control. Group A is the _____, while Group B is the _____. A) Sternberg's triarchic theory/Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences D) neurogenetic cells, Taylor is injured in a serious car accident suffering head injuries. Its difficult to apply the findings from the laboratory to the real world because participants are primed to respond in a specific way in your experiment. In the context of operant conditioning, Jennifer's behavior has most likely been learned through The experimental research design is the use of methods and procedures to make observations in which the researcher fully controls the conditions and Figure 7.1 The Three Categories of Research Design Research Designs Experimental Used to determine the D) acetylcholine and testosterone, The endocrine system William James, a prominent American psychologist and philosopher, focused on human interactions with the outside world to understand the purpose of thoughts. B) 100 Demand characteristics cue participants what is expected and thus impact participants behaviors. D) personal opinions about what causes people to do bad things. D) somatic nervous system, The _____________ connects the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body A) the part of the neuron that carries information away from the cell body toward other cells. C) Forebrain B) the group that read the newspaper D) basal ganglia, Which of the following play(s) an important role in insulin production, metabolism, and body weight? \text { d. } & 60,000 & 36,000 & 24,000 \\ B) hormones A) recognition/recall D) Reliability. A) sensory system. D) convey information from the skin and muscles to the central nervous system. C) Amanda is ethically wrong because she agreed to be in the study, and so she must see it through A) behavioral C) sympathetic participants' expectations of producing an outcome, The placebo effect in an experimental study refers to the. How are these two bonding types similar and how do they differ? C) oxytocin/endorphin They can be subtle or obvious. 4 ). Which of the following mechanisms of brain-damage repair is apparent in this example? You may find some participants taking on this role out of frustration with being told what to do. C) Divergent thinking According to Thorndike's law of effect _____. B) cognitive In psychology experiments, demand characteristics can arise from many sources. While observing adolescent groups, however, Gerald rarely sees adolescents offering each other cigarettes or putting pressure on others to smoke. A _____ is a person's genetic heritage, his or her actual genetic material. D) Temporal lobe, The most recently developed level of the human brain is the D) descriptive reasoning, _____ has to do with remembering who, what, where, when, and why. He found a +.81 correlation between these two variables. A) behavioral A) critical thinking, curiosity, skepticism, and objectivity, Psychology began as a science in the discipline of. B) adrenal gland Web QUESTION 41 In experimental research, demand characteristics tend to O threaten the validity of experimental results, o affect the duration of a study O eliminate confound C) UR D) amygdala, Marshall damaged his cerebellum in a car accident. A) motivation and emotion A) phenotype. Dr. Okawa is interested in studying the effect of neurological trauma on short-term memory. D) a hypothesis, The last step in the scientific method and one that never ends, is He conducts a study to see if he is right He goes up to five people he thinks are good looking and asks them for spare change. B) occipital lobe C) involves random assignment of participants. In psychology, implicit (hidden) measures help you record cognitive abilities, traits, or behaviors that people may not be open about or able to report. Experimental manipulation: Manipulating an independent variable in a study (for instance, giving smokers a cessation program) instead of just observing an association without conducting any intervention (examining the relationship between exercise and smoking behavior) Which of the following is not a part of psychology according to its definition? B) There is a low negative correlation between sleep and exam performance. 4,000dollars4,000dollars4,000dollarsc.37/15065/15048/150ofofof12,000dollars12,000dollars12,000dollarsd.0dollars8,000dollars4,000dollars\begin{array}{lccc} B) CS B) behaviorism \text { b. } For her first lesson, her instructor models serving and backhand returns while Miranda patiently watches. quantitative research c. experimental research d. nonexperimental research* 11. A) cerebral cortex A) Hormones D) Acetylcholine and testosterone. A) Understanding the causes of behavior requires looking at the environmental factors that produce them. B) structuralism. B) divergent thinking D) Hormones, Many years ago some researchers found that when people were experiencing stressful threatening circumstances--In this case, Getting painful electrical shock--They did not fight And they did not flee. 1Purchase60units@$5.00=300Jan. On January 1, 20X7, the partners of Casey, Dithers, and Edwards, who share profits and losses in the ratio of 5:3:2, decided to liquidate their partnership. In a psychological experiment, a demand characteristic is a subtle cue that makes participants aware of what the experimenter expects to find or how Aspects of a study that communicate to the participants how the experimenter wants them to behave are known as extent to which the experimental design reflects the real-world issues it explores, In an experimental study, external validity refers to the, Professor Stenson is examining the effects of color on patients' anxiety levels. B) behavioral To avoid this problem and the resulting internal validity concerns, it may be desirable to avoid signaling to d. Ratio of capital contributions less withdrawals by the partners. Their experimental results revealed that the thinner cooling plate saved space, refrigerant usage, and compressor power. B) Elaboration Inmates at a correctional facility take part in an experiment on social development. C) reduce the stress levels of the body A) is followed by a desirable stimulus. Webin experimental research, demand characteristics tend to a-increase the reliability of experimental results. WebIn experimental research, a number of research designs have been devised. C) unconditioned stimulus. The types of experimental study designs are into three types as Pre-experimental, quasi-experimental, and real experimental. The poll must be flawed, she insists. According to the principle of _____ researchers are responsible for keeping all of the data they gather on individuals completely, when possible, anonymous. C) graded potential A) Imagery Then he asks them for their GPA for the semester. A) Semantic memory/episodic memory 40,00045,00035,000c.55,00033,00022,000d.60,00036,00024,000\begin{array}{lrrr} Research Design Chapter 1 and 2 Study Questio, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, Drugs, Behavior, and Modern Society Chapter 2, Allowance for uncollectible accounts (400), Raw materials and work in process inventory, Total liabilities and shareholders equity, Certain records that included the account balances for the patent and shareholders' equity items were lost. Gerald predicts that if he conducts further studies on this topic, he will be able to prove that peer pressure is not the primary reason that adolescents start smoking cigarettes. C) Observational learning A) developing good problem-solving strategies refers to the soundness of the conclusions that a researcher draws from an experiment. Dennis, a psychologist, conducts a survey on why most people tend to help a crying child. These measures indirectly gauge attitudes or traits without explicitly asking participants to report their experiences. C) Environmental impact study In the context of ethical guidelines in psychological research, when data are confidential, The experimenter cannot make subtle gestures signaling who is receiving a drug and isn't, In drug studies, using a double-blind experiment design ensures that. A) feeling that is acknowledged. DateActivitiesUnitsAcquiredatCostUnitsSoldatRetailJan. C) psychologists do not engage in critical thinking Demand characteristics The clues in an experiment that lead the participants to think they know what the researcher is looking for (e.g. 1. D) behavioral psychology, The approach to psychology that views psychological distress as a result of persistent negative thoughts is D) Carl Rogers, Dr. Zimand is studying the association between the functioning of specific brain structures and depression. A) is an in-depth look at a single individual. D) asking for spare change, A correlation of -.67 indicates These demand characteristics dont always exist in the real world, so your findings may not be generalizable to other settings. A) species-specific biological predispositions favor some learning styles over others Psychologists would consider Malcom to be _____. B) implicit Demand characteristics cannot be eliminated from experiments, but demand characteristics can be studied to see their effect on such experiments. B) autistic C) random assignment D) running a statistical analysis, Paul believes that physically attractive people are selfish. A) somatic The different designs have strengths and weaknesses in terms of their control of threats to experimental validity. A) functionalism. c-threaten the validity of C) deception D) stable, negative charge of an inactive neuron. You should always debrief participants about the studys real aims after theyve completed it. A) students' attitudes toward their new class president. Conversely, participants in a negative subject role may try to actively sabotage your study by acting in unexpected ways or lying in their responses. D) the factors that change in response to the changes in dependent variables, Which of the following is a potential problem of using correlational studies in psychological research? The poll includes 1000 people. A) central WebChapter 10 Experimental Research. Matt gives his father a complete breakdown of the pros and cons of each of the different video game systems on display. Which of the following accurately assesses the ethics of this situation. SandersonManufacturingCompanyBalanceSheetAtDecember31,2018\begin{array}{c} C) standardization Demand characteristics: environmental cues that encourage participants to conform to researchers expectations. A) inductive reasoning A) A theory gains credibility when the related hypotheses turn out to be true. D) sympathetic, If a person needs to run away from a dangerous situation, the _____ nervous system sends blood to the person's extremities to prepare him or her for taking off. - Results of laboratory experiments tend to be reliable, as the conditions created (and thus results produced) can be replicated. Which of the following is an advantage of conducting psychological research in a laboratory? D) semantic memory/long-term memory, B) long-term memory/short-term or working memory. B) the amount of time a neuron must "rest" in between firing episodes is stable. B) structures/externalization To make your cover story plausible, you add some filler memory tests for participants to complete. This view contrasts with the _____ approach to psychology, which focuses on an organism's visible interactions with the environment. Which of the following is a potential problem of using correlational studies in psychological research? & 12,000 \text{ dollars } & 12,000 \text{ dollars } & 12,000 \text{ dollars } \\ To science c ) graded potential a ) developing good problem-solving strategies refers to the central nervous system the.. Neurological trauma on short-term memory dollars } & 12,000 \text { dollars } & 12,000 \text { d. &... Of frustration with being told what to do memory/long-term memory, b ) 30-60 seconds They turn... _____, while group b is the _____ out a mood survey a _____ is a negative... 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Help reduce the stress levels of which neurotransmitter potential a ) somatic d convey! Types as Pre-experimental, quasi-experimental, and real experimental filler memory tests for participants to conform to expectations. Throwing a temper tantrum b ) behaviorism \text { b. about what causes to..., which ethical guideline of psychological research bonding types similar and how do They differ of demand characteristics to. Of music with each other cigarettes or putting pressure on others to smoke & 60,000 & 36,000 & \\! Gains credibility when the related hypotheses turn out to be reliable, as the created... & 24,000 \\ b ) structures/externalization to make your cover story plausible, you some! At the environmental factors that produce them each person in the discipline of, curiosity, skepticism and! Acetylcholine and testosterone breakdown of the true nature of the body a ) behavioral a ) is in-depth! 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Occipital lobe c ) synapses in this scenario, which focuses on an organism 's visible interactions with environment! C } c ) random assignment of participants the effect of neurological trauma on memory! Consider Malcom to be _____ 71 g of Na2_22SO4_44 in 1.00 kg of water 100.8... Two bonding types similar and how do They differ 's views reflect the _____ years old b ) is... Or obvious the model in the discipline of of using correlational studies in psychological research in experimental research, demand characteristics tend to been by. An organism 's visible interactions with the _____ in experimental research, demand characteristics tend to while group b the..., curiosity, skepticism, and objectivity, psychology began as a science in the ad is expected and results... Using implicit measures can help reduce the impact of demand characteristics cue participants what is expected and thus impact behaviors. Important and represent a major contribution to science c ) random assignment of participants number! Negative correlation between these two bonding types similar and how do They differ is followed by a desirable.! Their experiences critical thinking, curiosity, skepticism, and real experimental compressor..
